The category, explained

AEO, GEO, LLM SEO. Four names, one question.

Answer engine optimisation is the work of getting a business named when someone asks ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude or Perplexity for a recommendation. This page is what we would want to read before buying it: what the terms mean, how the engines actually decide, what can and cannot be changed, and what to ask a supplier — including us.

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Terminology

The four terms mean the same thing.

This is a young category and nobody has won the naming argument. If a supplier tells you their term is the real one and the others are outdated, that is positioning, not a distinction.

Answer engine optimisation

AEO

Getting named in the answer itself, rather than in a list of links below it. The term predates the current AI assistants — it started with featured snippets and voice — but it is now used mostly for ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude and Perplexity.

Generative engine optimisation

GEO

The same work, named after the generative model rather than the answer. The term comes from a 2023 academic paper and is the one most used by people who came to this from a technical background.

Large language model SEO

LLM SEO

The same work again, named to reassure people who already buy SEO. Useful as a search term, misleading as a description: ranking and being named are related but they are not the same measurement.

AI visibility

The measurable outcome the other three are aiming at: how often, and how accurately, an engine names you when a buyer asks a question you should win. This is the one we use, because it names a number rather than an activity.

We use AI visibility for the outcome and treat the rest as search terms.

How the decision is made

An engine names you in three stages, and each one can drop you.

Most advice in this field treats the engine as a black box and then sells confidence about it. It is not a black box: the stages are observable, and which one you are failing at is the single most useful thing to know, because the fix is completely different in each.

01

It decides what to read

The engine rewrites the buyer’s question into one or more searches, runs them, and takes a handful of results — often five to fifteen pages. Nothing outside that set can appear in the answer, however good it is. If your pages are unreadable to the crawlers, or no page of yours matches how the question was rewritten, the work stops here.

Levers: Crawlability · a page per real question · being present in the sources it searches

02

It decides what it can extract

From those pages, the model lifts what it can resolve in a single pass: a direct opening answer, a list, a table, marked-up facts. A price in paragraph nine, a claim inside an image, a service buried in a PDF — these are read as absent. This is why two businesses with the same substance get different answers.

Levers: Answer-first writing · tables and lists · schema · one fact in one place

03

It decides who to name, and resolves conflicts

The model then composes a recommendation, usually naming three to five businesses, and where sources disagree it picks one version. Directory entries, review sites and press carry real weight here, and an out-of-date third-party fact can beat your own site. The names it chooses vary between runs, which is why a single run tells you almost nothing.

Levers: Third-party sources · consistency of facts across the web · repeat measurement

Being named is not one thing you are good or bad at. It is three, and a business can be excellent at stage two while failing stage one outright — which is why a plan that starts with content, before anyone has checked whether the crawlers can read the site, wastes the first two months.

The three stages in more depth → · How we measure →

The part nobody sells

In a regulated sector, being named wrongly costs more than not being named.

Every supplier in this category sells appearances. Almost none of them measures what the engine actually says about you once you appear. We check every claim against your own site: confirmed, contradicted, or unverifiable.

How citation fidelity is measured →

Choosing a supplier

Five questions to ask anyone selling this — us included.

What is my number today, how many times do you ask each question, what can I check myself, how will we know it worked, and what do you refuse to do. Each with our own answer next to it.

Read the five questions →

Questions

The ones people actually ask.

Something here you want argued properly rather than in a paragraph? Write to hello@namedfirst.co.uk.

The argument is cheap. The measurement is free.

One field, your domain, 8 buyer questions across all four engines. If they already name you everywhere, the report will say so and you should not buy anything.

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AEO, GEO and AI visibility — what the terms mean and what can actually be done | NamedFirst